HiPo: The Langara Student Journal of History and Political Science VOL. 2, MARCH 2019 HiPo The Langara Student Journal of History and Political Science Volume 2 March 2019 EDITORS-IN-CHIEF EDITORS Devyn Patrick Nina Houle Gina Kennedy Sebastian Denno Tanaz Dhanani Tina Macaspac Ethan Symons-Ferraro Kelsey Wiebe All articles are anonymously student peerreviewed and edited. Submissions from the editorial team have been reviewed by faculty. HiPo is published online annually with the support of the Department of History, Latin, and Political Science; the Dean and Division Chair of Social Sciences; Langara Communications & Marketing; and the Langara Print Shop. ISSN 2561-6536 Submissions: https://langara.ca/departments/history-latinpolitical-science/HiPo Email: hipojournal@langara.ca FACULTY ADVISORS Niall Christie Jennifer Knapp Sean Maschmann Stephen Phillips Erin Robb DEPARTMENT CHAIR, HISTORY, LATIN, & POLITICAL SCIENCE Paul Prosperi DEAN, SOCIAL SCIENCES & COMMUNITY PROGRAMS Jacqueline Bradshaw DIVISION CHAIR, SOCIAL SCIENCES Laura Cullen William the Hippo appears courtesy of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, 17.9.1 Cover image: Femme turque en toilette de ville, by Félix Bonfils, 1870s. Metropolitan Museum of Art 2010.317 CONTENTS EDITORIALS Letter from the Editors-in-Chief DEVYN PATRICK & NINA HOULE 1 Letter from the Department Chair PAUL PROSPERI 1 ARTICLES Veiling: The Qur’ān and Hadith versus Feminist Notions TANAZ DHANANI 3 Calling for Culpability: Anish Kapoor’s Dirty Corner MELANIE CRIST 9 Reconciliation, Interrupted: A Look at Post-Genocide Rwanda and the Gacaca Courts DARA CRANDALL 18 More Than One Path? REHAN RAFIQUE 25 The Peace of Westphalia and the Rise of Collectivist Security Over Imperialism JULIAN VERGARA-WEAVER 31 London’s Blitz and Dresden’s Firestorm: Britain’s Bombing Initiative as a Response to Germany’s Blitzkreig Tactics During the Second World War KELSEY WIEBE 37 The Tempestuous Life and Work of Artemisia Gentileschi: An Analysis of Women and Art in the Italian Renaissance NINA HOULE 43 The Bin Laden Effect SEBASTIAN DENNO 51 It is our pleasure to present this year’s edition of HiPo: The Langara Student Journal of History and Political Science. Putting this journal together has been such a rewarding journey for everyone involved. HiPo gives undergraduate students an opportunity to have their work published and to give them firsthand experience in what it takes to build and publish an academic journal, as peer reviewers and editors. We are pleased to share this year’s outstanding articles, including a feminist analysis of veiling in Islam, a look into post-genocide Rwandan politics, and an exploration of airborne military tactics during the Second World War. We want to give special thanks to Gina Kennedy for all her hard work as Editor-inChief in the early stages of this issue. We would like to thank all of those who submitted to HiPo; there were many outstanding papers this year. Furthermore, we would like the thank the authors for providing such passion and dedication that went into their research papers. This journal would not be possible without the History, Latin, and Political Science Department; we would like to thank them for their guidance and support. Finally, we would like to thank our brilliant team of editors; we could not have done it without you. We hope you enjoy reading this issue as much as we enjoyed putting it together. DEVYN PATRICK & NINA HOULE Editors-in-Chief It is with great pleasure that I congratulate the contributors and editorial team on the publication of this second edition of HiPo. In particular, I would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge the encouragement and ongoing faculty support provided by Dr. Jennifer Knapp. This journal is a truly a window to the activities of our students and reflects the goal of our department to help foster creativity and critical thinking through the publication of academic writing. On behalf of the Department of History, Latin and Political Science, I offer my best wishes and the hope that this journal, written and edited by students, will continue to promote the efforts of young writers for many more years to come. PAUL PROSPERI, PHD Department Chair History, Latin and Political Science HiPo Vol. 2 1 March 2019 HiPo Vol. 2 2 March 2019